Random Mineral Generator

One press draws a real mineral with its class, chemical formula, Mohs hardness and color.

Random Mineral Generator

  1. PhlogopiteSilicate. KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂. Mohs hardness 2–2.5. Brown, brownish red, dark brown, yellow.
All 74

Next step Draw a gemstoneDraw an element from the formula

How it works

Need a random mineral? Press the button for one of 74 real mineral species, from albite to wulfenite, each with its class, chemical formula, Mohs hardness and color.

Read the full guide

Pick a class

The list beside the button reads Any class. Choose Silicates (28), Oxides and hydroxides (12), Sulfides (12), Carbonates (7), Sulfates and halides (7) or Phosphates, native elements and others (8).

Quiz the formulas

Open More options and press Hide all facts. Read each name and say its formula or its class before you press Show facts: halite is NaCl, galena is PbS and calcite is CaCO₃.

Tips
  • Change Show 1 to Show 5 and put the five in order of hardness before you check the cards.

Questions and answers

What is the Mohs scale?

A scale of mineral hardness from 1 to 10, introduced in 1812 by Friedrich Mohs. It ranks minerals by which can scratch which. On this list talc is the softest at 1 and corundum the hardest at 9.

Why are diamond and pyrite missing?

They are on the random gemstone generator, along with fluorite, hematite, malachite and turquoise. This page holds only minerals that list does not.

Are the facts checked?

Yes. The class, formula, hardness and color on every card were read from the infobox of the mineral's Wikipedia article on 30 September 2026.

More tools

Browse Animals and Nature

All 74 minerals

Silicates 28

  • Albite Silicate. NaAlSi₃O₈. Mohs hardness 6–6.5. White to gray, bluish, greenish, reddish.
  • Andalusite Silicate. Al₂SiO₅. Mohs hardness 6.5–7.5. Pink, violet, yellow, green.
  • Augite Silicate. (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)₂O₆. Mohs hardness 5.5–6. Black, brown, greenish, violet-brown.
  • Beryl Silicate. Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆. Mohs hardness 7.5–8. Green, blue, yellow, colorless.
  • Biotite Silicate. K(Mg,Fe)₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂. Mohs hardness 2.5–3. Dark brown, greenish-brown, blackish-brown, yellow.
  • Diopside Silicate. MgCaSi₂O₆. Mohs hardness 5.5–6.5. Light to dark green.
  • Dioptase Silicate. Cu₆Si₆O₁₈·6H₂O. Mohs hardness 5. Dark teal, emerald green.
  • Enstatite Silicate. MgSiO₃. Mohs hardness 5–6. White, gray, green, yellow.
  • Hemimorphite Silicate. Zn₄Si₂O₇(OH)₂·H₂O. Mohs hardness 4.5–5.
  • Hornblende Silicate. Ca₂(Mg,Fe,Al)₅(Al,Si)₈O₂₂(OH)₂. Mohs hardness 5–6. Black to dark green or brown.
  • Kaolinite Silicate. Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄. Mohs hardness 2–2.5. White to cream.
  • Lepidolite Silicate. K(Li,Al)₃(Al,Si)₄O₁₀(F,OH)₂. Mohs hardness 2.5–3. Pink, light purple, purple, rose-red.
  • Leucite Silicate. KAlSi₂O₆. Mohs hardness 5.5–6. White to gray.
  • Microcline Silicate. KAlSi₃O₈. Mohs hardness 6–6.5. White, gray, grayish yellow, yellowish.
  • Muscovite Silicate. KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂. Mohs hardness 2–2.5. White, gray, silvery.
  • Natrolite Silicate. Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀·2H₂O. Mohs hardness 5–6. White, colorless, sometimes pink.
  • Nepheline Silicate. (Na,K)AlSiO₄. Mohs hardness 6. White, gray, brown, brownish gray.
  • Olivine Silicate. (Mg,Fe,Mn)₂SiO₄. Mohs hardness 6.5–7. Yellow to yellow-green.
  • Orthoclase Silicate. KAlSi₃O₈. Mohs hardness 6. Colorless, greenish, grayish yellow, white.
  • Phlogopite Silicate. KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂. Mohs hardness 2–2.5. Brown, brownish red, dark brown, yellow.
  • Prehnite Silicate. Ca₂Al(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂. Mohs hardness 6–6.5. Colorless to gray to yellow.
  • Quartz Silicate. SiO₂. Mohs hardness 7. Colorless, pink, orange, white.
  • Sillimanite Silicate. Al₂SiO₅. Mohs hardness 7. Colorless or white to gray.
  • Spodumene Silicate. LiAl(SiO₃)₂. Mohs hardness 6.5–7. White, colorless, gray, pink.
  • Staurolite Silicate. Fe²⁺₂Al₉O₆(SiO₄)₄(O,OH)₂. Mohs hardness 7–7.5. Dark reddish brown to blackish brown.
  • Talc Silicate. Mg₃Si₄O₁₀(OH)₂. Mohs hardness 1. Light to dark green, brown, white, gray.
  • Topaz Silicate. Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂. Mohs hardness 8. Colorless, white, blue, brown.
  • Wollastonite Silicate. CaSiO₃. Mohs hardness 4.5–5. White, colorless, gray.
Show all 74 minerals (46 more)

Oxides and hydroxides 12

  • Anatase Oxide or hydroxide. TiO₂. Mohs hardness 5.5–6. Black, reddish to yellowish brown, dark blue, gray.
  • Brucite Oxide or hydroxide. Mg(OH)₂. Mohs hardness 2.5–3. White, pale green, blue, gray.
  • Cassiterite Oxide or hydroxide. SnO₂. Mohs hardness 6–7. Black, brownish black, reddish brown, brown.
  • Chromite Oxide or hydroxide. (Fe,Mg)Cr₂O₄. Mohs hardness 5.5. Black to brownish black.
  • Corundum Oxide or hydroxide. Al₂O₃. Mohs hardness 9. Colorless, gray, golden-brown, brown.
  • Cuprite Oxide or hydroxide. Cu₂O. Mohs hardness 3.5–4. Dark red to cochineal red, sometimes almost black.
  • Goethite Oxide or hydroxide. FeO(OH). Mohs hardness 5–5.5. Yellowish to reddish to dark brown or black.
  • Ilmenite Oxide or hydroxide. FeTiO₃. Mohs hardness 5–6. Iron-black.
  • Magnetite Oxide or hydroxide. Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄. Mohs hardness 5.5–6.5. Black.
  • Perovskite Oxide or hydroxide. CaTiO₃. Mohs hardness 5–5.5. Black, reddish brown, pale yellow, yellowish orange.
  • Rutile Oxide or hydroxide. TiO₂. Mohs hardness 6–6.5. Brown, reddish brown, blood red, red.
  • Wolframite Oxide or hydroxide. (Fe,Mn)WO₄. Mohs hardness 4–4.5. Grayish to brownish black.

Sulfides 12

  • Arsenopyrite Sulfide. FeAsS. Mohs hardness 5.5–6.
  • Bornite Sulfide. Cu₅FeS₄. Mohs hardness 3–3.25. Copper red, bronze brown, purple.
  • Chalcopyrite Sulfide. CuFeS₂. Mohs hardness 3.5–4. Brass yellow.
  • Cinnabar Sulfide. HgS. Mohs hardness 2–2.5. Cochineal-red to brownish red.
  • Covellite Sulfide. CuS. Mohs hardness 1.5–2. Indigo-blue or darker.
  • Galena Sulfide. PbS. Mohs hardness 2.5–2.75. Lead gray, silvery.
  • Marcasite Sulfide. FeS₂. Mohs hardness 6–6.5. Tin-white, pale bronze-yellow.
  • Molybdenite Sulfide. MoS₂. Mohs hardness 1–1.5. Black, lead-silvery gray.
  • Orpiment Sulfide. As₂S₃. Mohs hardness 1.5–2. Lemon-yellow to golden, brownish yellow.
  • Realgar Sulfide. As₄S₄. Mohs hardness 1.5–2. Red to yellow-orange.
  • Sphalerite Sulfide. (Zn,Fe)S. Mohs hardness 3.5–4. Light to dark brown, red-brown, yellow, red.
  • Stibnite Sulfide. Sb₂S₃. Mohs hardness 2. Lead-gray.

Carbonates 7

  • Aragonite Carbonate. CaCO₃. Mohs hardness 3.5–4. Commonly red or white.
  • Calcite Carbonate. CaCO₃. Mohs hardness 3. Colorless or creamy white.
  • Cerussite Carbonate. PbCO₃. Mohs hardness 3–3.5. Colorless, white, gray, blue.
  • Dolomite Carbonate. CaMg(CO₃)₂. Mohs hardness 3.5–4. White, gray to pink, reddish-white, brownish-white.
  • Magnesite Carbonate. MgCO₃. Mohs hardness 3.5–4.5. Colorless, white, pale yellow, pale brown.
  • Siderite Carbonate. FeCO₃. Mohs hardness 3.75–4.25. Pale yellow to tan, gray, brown, green.
  • Smithsonite Carbonate. ZnCO₃. Mohs hardness 4.5. White, gray, yellow, green to apple-green.

Sulfates and halides 7

  • Anhydrite Sulfate. CaSO₄. Mohs hardness 3.5. Colorless to pale blue or violet.
  • Barite Sulfate. BaSO₄. Mohs hardness 3–3.5. Colorless, white, light shades of blue, yellow.
  • Celestine Sulfate. SrSO₄. Mohs hardness 3–3.5. White, pink, pale green, pale brown.
  • Cryolite Halide. Na₃AlF₆. Mohs hardness 2.5–3. Colorless to white.
  • Gypsum Sulfate. CaSO₄·2H₂O. Mohs hardness 1.5–2. Colorless to white.
  • Halite Halide. NaCl. Mohs hardness 2–2.5. Colorless or white.
  • Sylvite Halide. KCl. Mohs hardness 2. Colorless to white, pale gray, pale blue.

Phosphates, native elements and others 8

  • Crocoite Chromate. PbCrO₄. Mohs hardness 2.5–3. Orange, red, yellow.
  • Graphite Native element. C. Mohs hardness 1–2. Iron-black to steel-gray.
  • Native copper Native element. Cu. Mohs hardness 2.5–3. Pale rose, darkening to copper-red.
  • Pyromorphite Phosphate. Pb₅(PO₄)₃Cl. Mohs hardness 3.5–4. Dark green to grass-green, green, yellow, yellow-orange.
  • Scheelite Tungstate. CaWO₄. Mohs hardness 4.5–5. Colorless, white, gray, dark brown.
  • Vanadinite Vanadate. Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl. Mohs hardness 3–4. Bright red, orange-red, red-brown, brown.
  • Vivianite Phosphate. Fe₃(PO₄)₂·8H₂O. Mohs hardness 1.5–2. Colorless or very pale green, becoming dark blue.
  • Wulfenite Molybdate. PbMoO₄. Mohs hardness 3. Orange-yellow, yellow, honey-yellow, reddish-orange.

How this list was compiled: 74 mineral species. The class, chemical formula, Mohs hardness and color on every card were read by script on 2026-09-30 from the infobox of the mineral's English Wikipedia article (x.src), fetched that day. The formula is printed as the article gives it, with the script checking it letter for letter against the infobox (muscovite against the formula in the article's first sentence, because the infobox line has a stray character). Hardness is the infobox range; x.mohs is its lower end. Color is the first few colors the infobox lists, in US spelling; two minerals whose infobox gives no plain color list carry none. The six filter groups follow the infobox category: all silicate subclasses are under Silicates, sulfates and halides share a group, and phosphates, chromates, vanadates, tungstates, molybdates and the two native elements share the last. The card names the exact class. Minerals that the random gemstone page already holds are left to it. Licence: own work