Random Language Generator: 238 Languages With Family, Home and Script

One press draws from 238 spoken, signed and constructed languages, and every card shows the family, the home, the speakers and the script.

Random Language Generator: 238 Languages With Family, Home and Script

  1. Occitan
  2. Greek
  3. Zulu
  4. Serbian
  5. Dhivehi
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Tip: the space bar makes new ones.

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Next step Born in Europe. Draw a European countryBorn in Africa. Draw an African country

Random Language Generator: 238 Languages With Family, Home and Script: how it works

This random language generator draws from 238 languages: 227 of the 7,082 living ones in the ISO code tables, plus 11 constructed. They run from Mandarin Chinese, with over 100 million native speakers, to Manx, revived on one small island. Each card shows the family, where it is spoken, a band for native speakers and the script.

Pick a random language for a class project or a quiz

For a languages of the world project, draw 20 and let each student claim one, then press again: nothing repeats until all 238 have come up. For a quiz, press Hide all details and ask for the continent. Most spoken keeps it gentle. Endangered is the hard round: 40 languages UNESCO lists as in danger, from Welsh to Rapa Nui.

A language to learn next, or one for a character

To choose what to study, tap Most spoken and tell the page "give me a random language". Every one has at least 50 million native speakers. Writers can set Home to a continent to find a character's home language: Bambara for a trader from Mali, Gilbertese for a sailor from Kiribati. Set Kind to Constructed for 11 invented languages, each with its maker and year.

Tips

  • Play guess the family: draw 5, press Hide all details and say which are Indo-European. Only 70 of the 238 are.
  • Spot surprise cousins. Hungarian, Finnish, Estonian and Northern Sami all say Uralic, while the languages around them say Indo-European.
  • Rows combine: Africa plus Most spoken leaves two, Egyptian Arabic and Hausa. The link #endangered opens on the endangered round.

Questions and answers

Why is Spanish under Europe and not the Americas?

Each language sits under the continent where it grew up, not everywhere it is spoken. So Spanish, English and Portuguese are under Europe, Afrikaans is under Africa and Haitian Creole is under the Americas. Malagasy is under Africa too, although its card says Austronesian, the same family as Hawaiian and Māori.

Which languages are in the list, and which are left out?

There are 214 spoken languages, 13 sign languages such as Auslan, and 11 constructed ones such as Esperanto. Every entry has its own ISO 639-3 code except Nahuatl, which is split across many codes. Ancient languages such as Latin and Sanskrit are left out, and so are languages invented for films, shows, books and games.

How exact are the speaker numbers?

They are bands, not head counts. Sources disagree and censuses are years apart, so a card says 10 to 50 million native speakers. People who learned the language later are not counted, which is why Swahili sits in the 1 to 10 million band although far more use it daily. Checked 18 September 2026.

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All 238 languages

Most spoken 30

  • Bengali Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). Bangladesh and India. Over 100 million native speakers. Bengali script.
  • Bhojpuri Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). India and Nepal. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Devanagari script.
  • Cantonese (Yue Chinese) Sino-Tibetan (Chinese). Southern China, Hong Kong, Macau. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Chinese characters.
  • Egyptian Arabic Afro-Asiatic (Semitic). Egypt. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Arabic script.
  • English Indo-European (Germanic). Britain, North America, Australia and beyond. Over 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • French Indo-European (Romance). France, Belgium, Switzerland, Canada, Africa. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • German Indo-European (Germanic). Germany, Austria, Switzerland. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Gujarati Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). India (Gujarat). 50 to 100 million native speakers. Gujarati script.
  • Hausa Afro-Asiatic (Chadic). Nigeria and Niger. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Hindi Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). India. Over 100 million native speakers. Devanagari script.
  • Indonesian Austronesian. Indonesia. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Italian Indo-European (Romance). Italy, San Marino, Switzerland. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Japanese Japonic. Japan. Over 100 million native speakers. Kanji and kana.
  • Javanese Austronesian. Indonesia (Java). 50 to 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Korean Koreanic. South Korea and North Korea. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Hangul.
  • Levantine Arabic Afro-Asiatic (Semitic). Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Palestine. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Arabic script.
  • Mandarin Chinese Sino-Tibetan (Chinese). China, Taiwan, Singapore. Over 100 million native speakers. Chinese characters.
  • Marathi Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). India (Maharashtra). 50 to 100 million native speakers. Devanagari script.
  • Pashto Indo-European (Iranian). Afghanistan and Pakistan. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Arabic script.
  • Persian (Farsi) Indo-European (Iranian). Iran. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Arabic script.
  • Portuguese Indo-European (Romance). Portugal, Brazil, Angola, Mozambique. Over 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Punjabi Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). Pakistan and India (Punjab). Over 100 million native speakers. Shahmukhi and Gurmukhi scripts.
  • Russian Indo-European (Slavic). Russia and its neighbours. Over 100 million native speakers. Cyrillic script.
  • Spanish Indo-European (Romance). Spain and most of Latin America. Over 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Tamil Dravidian. India, Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Tamil script.
  • Telugu Dravidian. India (Andhra Pradesh, Telangana). 50 to 100 million native speakers. Telugu script.
  • Turkish Turkic. Turkey and Cyprus. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Urdu Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). Pakistan and India. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Arabic script.
  • Vietnamese Austroasiatic. Vietnam. 50 to 100 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Wu Chinese Sino-Tibetan (Chinese). China (Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu). 50 to 100 million native speakers. Chinese characters.

Europe 51

  • Albanian Indo-European (Albanian). Albania, Kosovo, North Macedonia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Basque Language isolate. Spain and France (Basque Country). 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Belarusian Indo-European (Slavic). Belarus. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Cyrillic script. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Bosnian Indo-European (Slavic). Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin and Cyrillic scripts.
  • Breton Indo-European (Celtic). France (Brittany). 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: severely endangered.
  • British Sign Language Sign language, BANZSL family. United Kingdom. 10,000 to 100,000 signers.
  • Bulgarian Indo-European (Slavic). Bulgaria. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Cyrillic script.
  • Catalan Indo-European (Romance). Spain (Catalonia, Valencia, Balearics), Andorra. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Chuvash Turkic. Russia (Chuvashia). 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Cyrillic script. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Cornish Indo-European (Celtic). Cornwall, England. Revived; 563 fluent users (2021). Latin script. UNESCO: critically endangered.
  • Corsican Indo-European (Romance). France (Corsica). 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Croatian Indo-European (Slavic). Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Czech Indo-European (Slavic). Czech Republic. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Danish Indo-European (Germanic). Denmark. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Dutch Indo-European (Germanic). Netherlands, Belgium, Suriname. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Estonian Uralic (Finnic). Estonia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Faroese Indo-European (Germanic). Faroe Islands. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Finnish Uralic (Finnic). Finland and Sweden. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • French Sign Language Sign language, French Sign Language family. France and Switzerland. 100,000 to 1 million signers.
  • Galician Indo-European (Romance). Spain (Galicia). 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • German Sign Language Sign language, German Sign Language family. Germany, Belgium, Luxembourg. 80,000 to 395,000 signers.
  • Greek Indo-European (Hellenic). Greece and Cyprus. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Greek script.
  • Hungarian Uralic (Ugric). Hungary and its neighbours. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Icelandic Indo-European (Germanic). Iceland. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Irish Indo-European (Celtic). Ireland. About 72,000 daily speakers outside school (2022). UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Irish Sign Language Sign language, French Sign Language family. Ireland and Northern Ireland. Under 10,000 signers.
  • Latvian Indo-European (Baltic). Latvia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Lithuanian Indo-European (Baltic). Lithuania. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Luxembourgish Indo-European (Germanic). Luxembourg. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Macedonian Indo-European (Slavic). North Macedonia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Cyrillic script.
  • Maltese Afro-Asiatic (Semitic). Malta. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Manx Indo-European (Celtic). Isle of Man. Revived; about 2,200 speakers (2021). Latin script. UNESCO: critically endangered.
  • Northern Sami Uralic (Sami). Norway, Sweden and Finland. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Norwegian Indo-European (Germanic). Norway. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Occitan Indo-European (Romance). France, Spain, Italy. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. UNESCO: severely endangered.
  • Polish Indo-European (Slavic). Poland. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Romani Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). Roma communities across Europe. 1 to 10 million native speakers. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Romanian Indo-European (Romance). Romania and Moldova. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Romansh Indo-European (Romance). Switzerland (Graubünden). 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Sardinian Indo-European (Romance). Italy (Sardinia). About 1 million speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Scottish Gaelic Indo-European (Celtic). Scotland. About 70,000 speakers in Scotland (2022 census). UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Serbian Indo-European (Slavic). Serbia and its neighbours. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Cyrillic and Latin scripts.
  • Slovak Indo-European (Slavic). Slovakia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Slovene Indo-European (Slavic). Slovenia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Swedish Indo-European (Germanic). Sweden and Finland. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Tatar Turkic. Russia (Tatarstan). 1 to 10 million native speakers. Cyrillic script. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Ukrainian Indo-European (Slavic). Ukraine. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Cyrillic script.
  • Upper Sorbian Indo-European (Slavic). Germany (Saxony). 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Latin script.
  • Welsh Indo-European (Celtic). Wales. About 538,000 speakers in Wales (2021 census). Latin script. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • West Frisian Indo-European (Germanic). Netherlands (Friesland). 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Yiddish Indo-European (Germanic). Jewish communities worldwide. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Hebrew script.

Asia 46

  • Arabic (Modern Standard) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic). The Arab world. Learned at school, nobody's mother tongue. Arabic script.
  • Armenian Indo-European (Armenian). Armenia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Armenian script.
  • Assamese Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). India (Assam). 10 to 50 million native speakers. Bengali-Assamese script.
  • Assyrian Neo-Aramaic Afro-Asiatic (Semitic). Iraq, Syria, Iran, Turkey. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Azerbaijani Turkic. Azerbaijan and Iran. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin and Arabic scripts.
  • Balochi Indo-European (Iranian). Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Arabic script.
  • Burmese Sino-Tibetan. Myanmar. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Burmese script.
  • Cebuano Austronesian. Philippines (Visayas and Mindanao). 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Chinese Sign Language Sign language, Chinese Sign Language family. China. 1 to 10 million signers.
  • Dari Indo-European (Iranian). Afghanistan. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Arabic script.
  • Dhivehi Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). Maldives. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Thaana script.
  • Dzongkha Sino-Tibetan. Bhutan. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Tibetan script.
  • Georgian Kartvelian. Georgia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Georgian script.
  • Hakka Sino-Tibetan (Chinese). Southern China and Taiwan. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Chinese characters.
  • Hebrew Afro-Asiatic (Semitic). Israel. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Hebrew script.
  • Hmong Hmong-Mien. China, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Hokkien (Southern Min) Sino-Tibetan (Chinese). China (Fujian), Taiwan, Southeast Asia. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Chinese characters.
  • Ilocano Austronesian. Philippines (northern Luzon). 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Indo-Pakistani Sign Language Sign language. India, Pakistan, Bangladesh. 1 to 10 million signers.
  • Japanese Sign Language Sign language, Japanese Sign Language family. Japan. 100,000 to 1 million signers.
  • Kannada Dravidian. India (Karnataka). 10 to 50 million native speakers. Kannada script.
  • Kashmiri Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). Kashmir (India and Pakistan). 1 to 10 million native speakers. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Kazakh Turkic. Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Cyrillic script.
  • Khmer Austroasiatic. Cambodia. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Khmer script.
  • Kurdish (Kurmanji) Indo-European (Iranian). Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Kyrgyz Turkic. Kyrgyzstan. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Cyrillic script.
  • Lao Kra-Dai. Laos and north-east Thailand. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Lao script.
  • Malay Austronesian. Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore. Indonesian is its most widely spoken standard form. Latin script.
  • Malayalam Dravidian. India (Kerala). 10 to 50 million native speakers. Malayalam script.
  • Meitei (Manipuri) Sino-Tibetan. India (Manipur). 1 to 10 million native speakers. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Mongolian Mongolic. Mongolia and northern China. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Cyrillic and Mongolian scripts.
  • Nepali Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). Nepal, India, Bhutan. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Devanagari script.
  • Odia Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). India (Odisha). 10 to 50 million native speakers. Odia script.
  • Santali Austroasiatic (Munda). India, Bangladesh, Nepal. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Ol Chiki script.
  • Sindhi Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). Pakistan (Sindh) and India. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Arabic and Devanagari scripts.
  • Sinhala Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). Sri Lanka. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Sinhala script.
  • Sundanese Austronesian. Indonesia (western Java). 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Tagalog (Filipino) Austronesian. Philippines. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Tajik Indo-European (Iranian). Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Cyrillic script.
  • Tetum Austronesian. Timor-Leste and Indonesia. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Thai Kra-Dai. Thailand. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Thai script.
  • Tibetan Sino-Tibetan. Tibet (China), India, Nepal. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Tibetan script.
  • Turkmen Turkic. Turkmenistan. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Uyghur Turkic. China (Xinjiang), Kazakhstan. 8 to 13 million speakers. Arabic script.
  • Uzbek Turkic. Uzbekistan and Afghanistan. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin and Cyrillic scripts.
  • Zhuang Kra-Dai. China (Guangxi). 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.

Africa 43

  • Afrikaans Indo-European (Germanic). South Africa and Namibia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Akan (Twi) Niger-Congo (Kwa). Ghana. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Amharic Afro-Asiatic (Semitic). Ethiopia. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Ethiopic script.
  • Bambara Niger-Congo (Mande). Mali. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin and N'Ko scripts.
  • Bemba Niger-Congo (Bantu). Zambia and DR Congo. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Cape Verdean Creole Portuguese-based creole. Cape Verde. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Central Atlas Tamazight Afro-Asiatic (Berber). Morocco. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Tifinagh and Latin scripts.
  • Chichewa (Nyanja) Niger-Congo (Bantu). Malawi and Zambia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Ewe Niger-Congo. Ghana, Togo, Benin. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Fula Niger-Congo (Atlantic). West Africa and the Sahel. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Hadza Language isolate. Tanzania. Under 10,000 native speakers. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Igbo Niger-Congo. Nigeria. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Kabyle Afro-Asiatic (Berber). Algeria. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Khoekhoe (Nama) Khoe-Kwadi. Namibia, Botswana, South Africa. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Kikuyu Niger-Congo (Bantu). Kenya. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Kinyarwanda Niger-Congo (Bantu). Rwanda and Uganda. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Kirundi Niger-Congo (Bantu). Burundi. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Krio English-based creole. Sierra Leone. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Lingala Niger-Congo (Bantu). DR Congo and Republic of the Congo. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Luganda Niger-Congo (Bantu). Uganda. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Malagasy Austronesian. Madagascar. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Mauritian Creole French-based creole. Mauritius. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Mooré Niger-Congo (Gur). Burkina Faso. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Moroccan Arabic (Darija) Afro-Asiatic (Semitic). Morocco. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Arabic script.
  • Nigerian Pidgin English-based creole. Nigeria. 1 to 10 million native speakers, over 100 million more as a second language.
  • Oromo Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic). Ethiopia and Kenya. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Sango Ngbandi-based creole. Central African Republic. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Sesotho Niger-Congo (Bantu). Lesotho and South Africa. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Setswana Niger-Congo (Bantu). Botswana and South Africa. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Seychellois Creole French-based creole. Seychelles. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Shona Niger-Congo (Bantu). Zimbabwe and Mozambique. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Somali Afro-Asiatic (Cushitic). Somalia and the Horn of Africa. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • South African Sign Language Sign language, BANZSL family. South Africa. 100,000 to 1 million signers.
  • Sudanese Arabic Afro-Asiatic (Semitic). Sudan, South Sudan, Eritrea. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Arabic script.
  • Swahili Niger-Congo (Bantu). East Africa. 1 to 10 million native speakers, far more as a second language. Latin script.
  • Swazi Niger-Congo (Bantu). Eswatini and South Africa. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Tigrinya Afro-Asiatic (Semitic). Eritrea and Ethiopia. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Ethiopic script.
  • Tsonga Niger-Congo (Bantu). South Africa and Mozambique. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Venda Niger-Congo (Bantu). South Africa and Zimbabwe. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Wolof Niger-Congo (Atlantic). Senegal, Gambia, Mauritania. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Xhosa Niger-Congo (Bantu). South Africa. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Yoruba Niger-Congo. Nigeria, Benin, Togo. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Zulu Niger-Congo (Bantu). South Africa. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.

The Americas 32

  • American Sign Language Sign language, French Sign Language family. United States and Canada. 100,000 to 1 million signers.
  • Aymara Aymaran. Bolivia, Peru, Chile. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Brazilian Sign Language (Libras) Sign language. Brazil. 100,000 to 1 million signers.
  • Central Alaskan Yupʼik Eskaleut (Yupik). United States (Alaska). 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Cherokee Iroquoian. Oklahoma and North Carolina. Under 10,000 native speakers. UNESCO: critically endangered.
  • Cree Algic (Algonquian). Canada. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Canadian syllabics and Latin. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Garifuna Arawakan. Honduras, Guatemala, Belize, Nicaragua. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Greenlandic Eskaleut (Inuit). Greenland. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Guarani Tupian. Paraguay, Bolivia, Argentina, Brazil. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Gullah English-based creole. United States (Sea Islands). Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script.
  • Haitian Creole French-based creole. Haiti. 10 to 50 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Hopi Uto-Aztecan. United States (Arizona). Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Inuktitut Eskaleut (Inuit). Canada (Nunavut, northern Quebec). 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Canadian syllabics and Latin.
  • Jamaican Patois English-based creole. Jamaica. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Kʼicheʼ Mayan. Guatemala. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Lakota Siouan. United States (North and South Dakota). Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script.
  • Louisiana Creole French-based creole. United States (Louisiana). Under 10,000 native speakers.
  • Mapudungun Araucanian. Chile and Argentina. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Michif Mixed language (Cree and French). Canada. Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: critically endangered.
  • Miskito Misumalpan. Nicaragua and Honduras. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers.
  • Mohawk Iroquoian. Canada and United States. Under 10,000 native speakers. UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Nahuatl Uto-Aztecan. Mexico. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Navajo Na-Dene (Athabaskan). United States (Arizona, New Mexico, Utah). 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Nheengatu Tupian. Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela. Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: severely endangered.
  • Nicaraguan Sign Language Sign language. Nicaragua. Developed by deaf schoolchildren. Under 10,000 signers.
  • Ojibwe Algic (Algonquian). Canada and United States. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. UNESCO: severely endangered.
  • Papiamento Portuguese-based creole. Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Pennsylvania Dutch Indo-European (Germanic). United States and Canada. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Quechua (Southern) Quechuan. Peru, Bolivia, Argentina. 1 to 10 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Sranan Tongo English-based creole. Suriname. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Wayuu Arawakan. Venezuela and Colombia. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Yucatec Maya Mayan. Mexico (Yucatán) and Belize. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.

Oceania 25

  • Auslan Sign language, BANZSL family. Australia. 10,000 to 100,000 signers.
  • Australian Kriol English-based creole. Australia (Northern Territory, Western Australia). Under 10,000 native speakers.
  • Bislama English-based creole. Vanuatu. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Latin script.
  • Chamorro Austronesian. Guam and Northern Mariana Islands. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Cook Islands Māori Austronesian (Polynesian). Cook Islands and New Zealand. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Fiji Hindi Indo-European (Indo-Aryan). Fiji. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin and Devanagari scripts.
  • Fijian Austronesian (Oceanic). Fiji. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Gilbertese (Kiribati) Austronesian (Micronesian). Kiribati. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Hawaiian Austronesian (Polynesian). United States (Hawaii). Under 10,000 native speakers. UNESCO: critically endangered.
  • Māori Austronesian (Polynesian). New Zealand. About 50,000 people speak it well (2015). UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Marshallese Austronesian (Micronesian). Marshall Islands. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Latin script.
  • Nauruan Austronesian (Micronesian). Nauru. Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: severely endangered.
  • New Zealand Sign Language Sign language, BANZSL family. New Zealand. 10,000 to 100,000 signers.
  • Niuean Austronesian (Polynesian). Niue and New Zealand. Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Palauan Austronesian. Palau. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Latin script.
  • Pitjantjatjara Pama-Nyungan. Australia (South Australia, Northern Territory). Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script.
  • Pitkern English and Tahitian creole. Pitcairn Islands and Norfolk Island. About 400 speakers. UNESCO: vulnerable.
  • Rapa Nui Austronesian (Polynesian). Chile (Easter Island). Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: severely endangered.
  • Rotokas North Bougainville. Papua New Guinea (Bougainville). Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script.
  • Samoan Austronesian (Polynesian). Samoa and American Samoa. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Tahitian Austronesian (Polynesian). French Polynesia. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Latin script.
  • Tok Pisin English-based creole. Papua New Guinea. Native to about 126,000 people; 4 million more speak it.
  • Tongan Austronesian (Polynesian). Tonga. 100,000 to 1 million native speakers. Latin script.
  • Tuvaluan Austronesian (Polynesian). Tuvalu. 10,000 to 100,000 native speakers. Latin script. UNESCO: definitely endangered.
  • Warlpiri Pama-Nyungan. Australia (Northern Territory). Under 10,000 native speakers. Latin script.

Constructed 11

  • Esperanto International auxiliary language. Created by L. L. Zamenhof, 1887. About 1,000 native speakers. Latin script.
  • Ido Auxiliary language, a reworked Esperanto. Created by an international committee, 1907. Latin script.
  • Interlingua Auxiliary language. Created by the International Auxiliary Language Association, 1951. Latin script.
  • Interlingue (Occidental) International auxiliary language. Created by Edgar de Wahl, 1922. Latin script.
  • Interslavic Shared language for Slavic speakers. Created by a small team, 2006. Latin and Cyrillic scripts.
  • Kotava International auxiliary language. Created by Staren Fetcey, 1978. Latin script.
  • Lingua Franca Nova International auxiliary language. Created by C. George Boeree, 1998. Latin script.
  • Lojban Logical language. Created by the Logical Language Group, 1987. Latin script.
  • Novial International auxiliary language. Created by Otto Jespersen, 1928. Latin script.
  • Toki Pona Minimalist language of about 120 to 137 words. Created by Sonja Lang, 2001. Latin script.
  • Volapük International auxiliary language. Created by Johann Martin Schleyer, 1879 to 1880. Latin script.

How this list was compiled: Own selection of 238 languages, written for this page and checked 2026-09-18. Every language code (x.iso) was checked against the ISO 639-3 code table from SIL, https://iso639-3.sil.org/sites/iso639-3/files/downloads/iso-639-3.tab: every spoken and signed entry is typed Living there and every constructed entry is typed Constructed. Nahuatl has no single ISO 639-3 code, so it carries none. The Most spoken group is the 29 languages with 50 million or more native speakers in the Ethnologue 2026 table on https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by_number_of_native_speakers (Western Punjabi is shown as Punjabi and Iranian Persian as Persian; the Punjabi card covers both ISO 639-3 codes, pan and pnb, and x.isoAlso holds the second), plus Pashto, which that table leaves out as a macrolanguage and whose Wikipedia infobox gives 51 million. Second-language totals for Swahili, Nigerian Pidgin and Tok Pisin are from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by_total_number_of_speakers and the language's own article. Every detail line starts with the top-level family and gives the branch in brackets, for example Indo-European (Celtic) and Austronesian (Polynesian), so that the family games in the page's tips can be played from the cards. Family, where spoken and the speaker band for every other entry were read from the infobox of the language's own English Wikipedia article (for example https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basque_language), fetched through the Wikipedia API on 2026-09-18. Speaker counts are shown as wide bands because sources and years differ; where an infobox gives only a census count, a range or a revival figure, the card says that instead of a band. Writing systems were checked against Unicode CLDR 48 supplemental languageData, https://github.com/unicode-org/cldr-json/blob/main/cldr-json/cldr-core/supplemental/languageData.json, and the article infobox. The Endangered group holds only languages whose Wikipedia article cites a level from the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger; the level is in x.unesco. Each language sits under the continent where it took shape, not everywhere it is spoken, so Spanish is under Europe and Afrikaans under Africa. Left out on purpose: extinct and historical languages (Latin and Sanskrit are typed Historical in ISO 639-3), Ainu (reported dormant), Maithili and Okinawan (sources disagree widely on their speaker counts), and languages invented for films, shows, books and games. No greetings or sample phrases are included. Licence: Facts are not copyrightable; ISO 639-3 codes are used under SIL terms of use and CLDR data under the Unicode License. Selection, grouping and wording are own work